Theophylline is a bronchodilator medication used to relieve symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase enzymes which increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle. The elevation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate reduces bronchial constriction and improves airflow. The drug also has a modest anti-inflammatory effect by stabilizing mast cells and reducing release of inflammatory mediators. It is administered orally or intravenously and its effects are dose-dependent. The primary therapeutic benefit is improved breathing by opening the airways during episodes of respiratory distress.

Theophylline is a bronchodilator medication used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma. It works by relaxing the smooth muscle in the airways to improve breathing. Pharmacologically it blocks phosphodiesterase enzymes that normally break down cyclic adenosine monophosphate. This inhibition raises intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels within airway muscle cells. Increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate causes the muscle cells to relax and the airways to open. Theophylline also binds to adenosine receptors which further reduces inflammatory signaling in the lungs. The combined effect leads to easier airflow and relief of symptoms for patients with chronic respiratory disease.

Theophylline is a bronchodilator that relaxes airway muscles. It also stimulates the central nervous system and heart. Common side effects may include nausea and vomiting. Some people experience headache and restlessness. Tremor and increased heart rate are also reported. Difficulty sleeping can occur due to its stimulant effect. In certain individuals heart rhythm disturbances may develop. These reactions are generally dose related and vary among patients.

Theophylline can cause nausea and occasional vomiting in many users. Headaches are reported frequently among those taking the medication. Some individuals experience difficulty sleeping due to stimulant effects. Tremors or shaking of the hands are a known side effect. Heart rate may increase leading to palpitations and a sense of restlessness. Irritability and restlessness are also common observations.